23,233 research outputs found
Physics with a very long neutrino factory baseline
We discuss the neutrino oscillation physics of a very long neutrino factory
baseline over a broad range of lengths (between 6000 km and 9000 km), centered
on the ``magic baseline'' ( 7500 km) where correlations with the leptonic
CP phase are suppressed by matter effects. Since the magic baseline depends
only on the density, we study the impact of matter density profile effects and
density uncertainties over this range, and the impact of detector locations off
the optimal baseline. We find that the optimal constant density describing the
physics over this entire baseline range is about 5% higher than the average
matter density. This implies that the magic baseline is significantly shorter
than previously inferred. However, while a single detector optimization
requires fine-tuning of the (very long) baseline length, its combination with a
near detector at a shorter baseline is much less sensitive to the far detector
location and to uncertainties in the matter density. In addition, we point out
different applications of this baseline which go beyond its excellent
correlation and degeneracy resolution potential. We demonstrate that such a
long baseline assists in the improvement of the precision and in
the resolution of the octant degeneracy. Moreover, we show that the neutrino
data from such a baseline could be used to extract the matter density along the
profile up to 0.24% at for large , providing a
useful discriminator between different geophysical models.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes, references added; version to
appear in Phys. Rev.
Existence and stability analysis of spiky solutions for the Gierer-Meinhardt system with large reaction rates
We study the Gierer-Meinhardt system in one dimension in the limit of large reaction rates. First we construct three types of solutions: (i) an interior spike; (ii) a boundary spike and (iii) two boundary spikes. Second we prove results on their stability. It is found that an interior spike is always unstable; a boundary spike is always stable. The two boundary spike configuration can be either stable or unstable, depending on the parameters. We fully classify the stability in this case. We characterise the destabilizing eigenfunctions in all cases. Numerical simulations are shown which are in full agreement with the analytical results
Stochastic Matrix Product States
The concept of stochastic matrix product states is introduced and a natural
form for the states is derived. This allows to define the analogue of Schmidt
coefficients for steady states of non-equilibrium stochastic processes. We
discuss a new measure for correlations which is analogous to the entanglement
entropy, the entropy cost , and show that this measure quantifies the bond
dimension needed to represent a steady state as a matrix product state. We
illustrate these concepts on the hand of the asymmetric exclusion process
A Forward Branching Phase-Space Generator
We develop a forward branching phase-space generator for use in
next-to-leading order parton level event generators. By performing 2 -> 3
branchings from a fixed jet phase-space point, all bremsstrahlung events
contributing to the given jet configuration are generated. The resulting
phase-space integration is three-dimensional irrespective of the considered jet
multiplicity. In this first study, we use the forward branching phase-space
generator to calculate in the leading-color approximation next-to-leading order
corrections to fully differential gluonic jet configurations.Comment: 35 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
Half-Life of O
We have measured the half-life of O, a superallowed decay isotope. The O was produced by the
C(He,n)O reaction using a carbon aerogel target. A
low-energy ion beam of O was mass separated and implanted in a thin
beryllium foil. The beta particles were counted with plastic scintillator
detectors. We find s. This result is
higher than an average value from six earlier experiments, but agrees more
closely with the most recent previous measurement.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Asian Cities: Cultural heritage and the interplay between nation building and internationalism
It is over a decade since the volume The Disappearing Asian City (Logan 2002) was published. An edited volume bringing together a number of experts on the region, the book identified the threats facing buildings, archaeological sites and the historic character of cities, as well as the myriad of challenges of raising civic and regulatory awareness about the value of cultural heritage in times of rapid transformation. It was a set of concerns and arguments that remain as pertinent as ever. Those who have lived and worked in different parts of Asia over the past decade on cultural heritage issues, frequently use the terms \u27extraordinary\u27 or \u27bewildering\u27 to describe the scale and speed of transformation that has taken place. Indeed, for those concerned about maintaining continuities between past and present - whether they be social, spiritual or material - the development of cities, the wholesale movements of communities in and out of urban landscapes, together with the dramatic increase in industries like tourism, has often been disorienting, and in some cases deeply confronting: both professionally and emotionally. And yet, to focus on loss and destruction would miss a whole set of other fascinating, emergent and important trends. As numerous publications in the intervening period have shown, cultural heritage has become a topic of intense interest and debate in the majority of Asian societies, for a host of reasons (Askew 2010; Broudehoux 2004; Pai 2013)
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